Context Clause

Defenition:
Many times a wtiter defines a word, directly or indirectly, immediately following its use. The writer may define a word directly by giving a brief definition or providing a synonym (a word that has the same meaning). Such word and phrases as means,is,are,refers to,can be defines,can be called,and are called, often used.

example:

• as chomsky has expressed it, competence is "the intrinsic tacit knowledge..... that underlies actual performance
• students can be divided according to many criteria for example random sample, ability levels, friendship, and interest.

Cause and Effect
the writer also uses cause and effect relationship to help his readers figure out the meaning of unknown word. The signal word might be one of these expressions, because consequently so,due to,as a result, as such, etc.

example:

• mary's eyes had been sore for almost a week, so her mother decided to take her to an oculist for a treatment
• joe tore his jacket, so his sister mended of him.